In the present study we have assayed for the first time by immunohistochemistry 56 gliomas of various grade for the expression of a subset of TNFSF members, namely APRIL, BAFF and TWEAK, as well as their cognate receptors (BCMA, TACI, BAFF-R and Fn14), in parallel with a systematic search and meta-analysis of available public gene-array data for possible over- or under-expression of these molecules in gliomas, as compared to normal brain. This evidence concerns the gene TNFRSF17 and central nervous system cancer.