Furthermore, the RAS-MAPK/ERK pathway in brain cells is one signalling pathway, which has been reported to be differentially regulated by cannabinoids in the cancerous cell when compared to the normal cell [82], where THC induces ceramide synthesis and glioma cell death via a CB1-mediated effect, whilst astrocytes are protected from ceramide-induced sensitisation to oxidative stress-related damage [83]. Here, CNR1 is linked to central nervous system cancer.