SLC11A1 and bacterial infectious disease: Natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 1 (NRAMP1) (Cellier et al., 2007) and related H+-coupled transporters are known to efflux Mn(II) and Fe(II) from intracellular compartments of macrophages (Forbes and Gros, 2001), and knockout mice lacking NRAMP1 are susceptible to more virulent bacterial infections relative to wild-type mice (Skamene et al., 1982).