Accumulation of CD57+CD8+ T cells is seen frequently in individuals with various forms of cancer (37) and has been associated with reduced survival in those with renal cell carcinoma (38), melanoma (39), gastric carcinoma (40), multiple myeloma (41), lymphomas, acute and chronic myeloid, and lymphocytic leukemias (42), among many other examples. The gene discussed is CD8A; the disease is cancer.