Clusterin levels are elevated in synovial fluid of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis patients (83, 84) and in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with AD, Parkinson disease, and multiple sclerosis (85, –, 87), as well as in the urine of patients with kidney injury or bladder cancer (88, 89). This evidence concerns the gene CLU and urinary bladder carcinoma.