Furthermore, the elevated levels of HMGB1 in patients with acute coronary syndrome [95, 96] are associated with a decreased heart rate recovery, a marker of autonomic function defined as the fall in heart rate during the first minutes of exercise [97], and adverse LV remodeling [98] and predict secondary events, such as pump failure and cardiac rupture [95]. This evidence concerns the gene HMGB1 and acute coronary syndrome.