This role was demonstrated in mice inoculated with both S. pneumoniae and IL-10, which resulted in a higher bacterial titer, decreased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and increased morbidity [64], while infection with Aspergillus fumigatus in mice lacking IL-10 results in an enhanced inflammatory response and higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the airway [63]. The gene discussed is IL10; the disease is infection.