To determine the impact of Notch1 signaling on the differentiation of CD4+ T cells in AAAs, we detected the mRNA expression of the cytokines that mark these T helper subsets (IFN-γ as a marker for Th1; IL-4 and IL-10 as markers for the Th2) by qPCR analysis. Here, NOTCH1 is linked to achalasia-alacrima syndrome.