PIN1 and breast carcinoma: However, according to Cosmic, CONAN and TCGA databases and recent publications, these genes are rarely mutated in breast cancer (ranging from 2 to 8% depending on the analysis) (Byrd et al, 2008; Mao et al, 2008; Ibusuki et al, 2011; Santarpia et al, 2012), raising the possibility that in this context, in the absence of mutations, high Pin1 expression might contribute to sustain levels and function of nuclear N1- and N4-ICD by interfering with their degradation by Fbxw7α.