To clarify the role of RhoA and Wnt-5a in ovarian carcinogenesis and subsequent progression, we examined their mRNA and protein expression in normal fallopian tube epithelium, benign tumors, primary ovarian carcinomas, and metastatic ovarian carcinomas simultaneously, the first time such an investigation has been carried out, and compared them with the clinicopathological features of patients with ovarian carcinoma. This evidence concerns the gene WNT5A and benign neoplasm.