Although there was a significant difference for the ratio of heart weight to tibia length only at 6 month, rather than at 1 month, the significantly increased mRNA expression of the molecular hypertrophic markers, ANP, ANG and β-MHC in the heart were observed at 1 month, suggesting the process of hypertrophy has started at molecular level from 1 month of diabetes. This evidence concerns the gene NPPA and diabetes mellitus.