The small but still detectable ESAT-6 response in the H28 group (which does not contain ESAT-6) was different and dominated by an infection-driven effector IFN-y+TNF-α+ CD4 T cell population whereas TB10.4 responses remained negligible in animals not receiving a TB10.4-containing vaccine (H56 and un-vaccinated control animals). The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is infection.