CDKN2A and neoplasm: The p38 MAPK pathway is implicated in the suppression of tumorigenesis, since it can (1) inhibit the cell growth by decreasing the expression of cyclin D [15], (2) inhibit the activity of Cdc25 phosphatases [16], and (3) engage the p16/Rb and p19ARF/p53 tumour suppressor pathways [17].