An increase in expression of IFN-γ (P = 0.02 and P = 0.01), perforin (P = 0.03 and P = 0.01), and granzyme B (P = 0.0004 and P < 0.0001) was also noted in CD4+CD28+ T-cell subset in CKD subjects. This evidence concerns the gene PRF1 and chronic kidney disease.