TXN and cancer: Among the TXN-related genes we identified to be up-regulated in cancers (group 6), TXN expression was associated with reduced survival in various cancers, such as gastric, colorectal, non-small cell lung cancers and squamous cell carcinoma [25-27], whereas TXNRD1 expression was correlated with poor survival in breast cancer and squamous cell carcinoma [28, 29].