A recent study found that overexpression of Cathepsin-D in neuroblastoma cells attenuates doxorubicin-induced apoptosis through the activation of both the Akt-dependent pro-survival and the Bcl-2-dependent anti-apoptotic pathways[16], suggesting that elevated Cathepsin-D expression in tumors may protect cancer cells from chemotherapy. The gene discussed is CTSD; the disease is cancer.