The addition of recombinant IL-10 (Figure 4E), angiogenin or thrombopoietin (Figure S2), but not IL-8 (Figure 4E), IFN-γ or MCP-1 (data not shown), inhibited RANKL-induced OC formation from monocytes, indicating that MM cells express and secrete several cytokines that inhibit OC differentiation. This evidence concerns the gene TNFSF11 and Miyoshi myopathy.