GDF15 and cardiac hypertrophy: Thus, biomarkers other than natriuretic peptides such as high-sensitivity troponin T (hsTNT) reflecting myocyte injury [10], growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF15), associated with cardiac hypertrophy and dilated cardiomyopathy [11], serum cystatin C reflecting renal function [12] and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) indicative of inflammation [13], could be valuable in the evaluation of HF patients.