Instillation of DEP produced similar increases in the total cell count in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from atherosclerosis-prone apoliprotein E knockout (ApoE−/−) mice to that from wild-type (C57bl6) mice (P < 0.03, unpaired t-test; n = 7-9; Figure 1c). This evidence concerns the gene APOE and atherosclerosis.