Additionally, the activation or inhibition of the CD40/CD154 signaling pathway acts as a molecular rheostat to determines whether the CD3/CD28/CpG treatments upregulate IL-10 or IL-30 These findings lay the groundwork for future studies to investigate how to differentially manipulate IL-10 or IL-30 production during inflammation, cancer, or autoimmune diseases. Here, IL27 is linked to cancer.