Furthermore, a reduction in VAP protein levels has been reported in sporadic ALS patients, SOD1 (Superoxide dismutase 1) mutant mice as well as in induced pluripotent stem cells derived from ALS patients (Anagnostou et al., 2010; Teuling et al., 2007; Mitne-Neto et al., 2011). This evidence concerns the gene SOD1 and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.