In our search for potential molecular markers of endometriosis, we previously identified the L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM, CD171) as a differentially expressed mRNA and protein in endometriotic lesions [5] and proved that it supports endometriotic cell growth, survival, motility and invasiveness, as well as neurite outgrowth [6]. The gene discussed is L1CAM; the disease is endometriosis.