INS and Hyperglycemia: That both Type 1 and Type 2 diabetic patients experience gastroparesis symptoms suggests that hyperglycemia, or dysregulated glycemic control per se, may play an important role in symptom development, although insulin itself certainly modulates the activity of central vagal motoneurons (Blake and Smith, 2012) and induces vagally-mediated increases in gastric motility (Krowicki et al., 1998).