The AKI-induced up regulation of low molecular weight proteins, such as neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), and their subsequent release and excretion into the urine have been studied in AKI patients and patients who are at risk for the condition[6-9,11,13-18]. The gene discussed is LCN2; the disease is acute kidney injury.