NADPH oxidase in the podocyte is activated by adenosine triphosphate (ATP) [8], chemokine [11], angiotensin II (ANG II) [9], aldosterone [12], high glucose [13–17], C5b-9 [18], advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs) [29], hyperhomocysteinemia (hHcys) [19–21], insulin [22], puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN) [23, 24], and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) [25]. The gene discussed is FMO5; the disease is hyperhomocysteinemia.