A study of 60 HIV-1-infected patients receiving PI therapy showed an association between apo C-III polymorphisms and a genetic predisposition to develop high TG and low HDL-C levels [161]; these authors suggested that apo C-III polymorphism genotyping could identify patients who are at risk for both hypertriglyceridemia and lipoatrophy [162]. This evidence concerns the gene APOC3 and hypertriglyceridemia.