Taken together with our prior finding of a significant association between markedly increased plasma bFGF (>20 pg/mL) and increased plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 level (6), the current results suggests effects of bFGF on endothelial cells (i.e., proliferation, elaboration of PAI-1) or smooth muscle cells which may contribute to clinically significant increases in CHD or CVD risk in a subset of obese, advanced type 2 DM. This evidence concerns the gene FGF2 and coronary artery disorder.