Similarly, the density of total MMP-9 in monocytes/macrophages from RA synovial fluid with CypA stimulation (235 ± 23; P <0.001) was higher than that in the control group (100 ± 20), and reduced when adding sdAbA1 (83 ± 19; P <0.001) or CsA (89 ± 20; P <0.01) (Figure 5F). Here, PPIA is linked to rheumatoid arthritis.