Combining one cohort including 976 men, 47 to 80 years of age, with 5.3 years of follow-up with another cohort of 324 subjects, mainly female twins age 63 to 93, with 9 years of follow-up, Wiklund et al. reported that high GDF-15 levels were associated with as well cardiovascular as cancer mortality [26]. The gene discussed is GDF15; the disease is cancer.