From another cohort of 950 patients stabilized 6 months after an episode of acute coronary syndrome we reported similar association between the GDF-15 level and age, sex, smoking, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, renal function, NT-proBNP and troponin T levels and also the associations to raised cardiovascular morbidity and mortality during 5 years follow-up [17]. This evidence concerns the gene NPPB and acute coronary syndrome.