RHOA and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: The activation of RhoA/Rho-kinase pathway plays important roles in regulating many cell functions, such as proliferation, migration, apoptosis, contraction, as well as gene expression and endothelial dysfunction (Duong-Quy et al. 2013), which can be involved in the pathogenesis of COPD (Storck and Wojciak-Stothard 2013).