When stratified the cholangiocarcinoma patients into low Beclin 1 ICC and high Beclin 1 ECC subgroups, multivariate analysis showed that Beclin 1 was an independent prognostic biomarker both in OS (P = 0.043; HR, 0.752) and PFS (P = 0.004; HR, 0.541) (Table 4). Here, BECN1 is linked to cholangiocarcinoma.