The CKD-Epi_creatinine-cystatin, BIS_creatinine-cystatin and CKD-Epi_cystatin equations yielded the greatest areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve at GFR threshold = 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 (0.88, 0.88 and 0.87, respectively). Here, CST4 is linked to chronic kidney disease.