DSPP and pachyonychia congenita: Upon OCM stimulation, elevated expression of several genes associated with osteoblast function and tumor aggressiveness was demonstrated in both LNCaP-19 and LNCaP, including DSPP and RUNX2. A more pronounced osteogenic profile was observed in OCM stimulated LNCaP-19 cells compared to LNCaP, with increased expression of CDH11 and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP2) both associated with osteoblast communication and bone-tropic metastasis of PC.