PPARGC1A and chronic kidney disease: Our study results revealed no significant association of CKD risk with the polymorphisms in these genes encoding PPARs, PPARG C161T (His477His), PPARG Pro12Ala, PPARGC1A Thr394Thr, and PPARGC1A Gly482Ser, suggesting that the roles of these genetic variations are limited in Japanese, or the sample sizes of the present study were relatively underpowered to detect these associations.