ANP levels in the AF ablation group were higher compared to the SR control group, preoperatively (median 7.23 vs 3.78 nmol/l, p = 0.001), as well as on POD 1 (median 9.34 vs 6.95 nmol/l, p = 0.04), 3 months (median 7.75 vs 5.55 nmol/l, p = 0.03) and 6 months postoperatively (median 8.98 vs 4.86 nmol/l, p = 0.001). Here, NPPA is linked to atrial fibrillation.