CD8A and malaria: Importantly, the levels of CD8+ T-cell response required for efficacy identified here, though substantial, are much lower than the extremely high CD8+ T-cell levels required for efficacy in murine malaria models, possibly in part related to the longer duration of the liver stage, typically 7 days versus 2 days10, 11, with P. falciparum than rodent Plasmodia spp.