Indeed, our major findings demonstrate that different targets such as IGF1, IL1α, SHKBP1, and EGR3 are pivotal to classify WD-SI-NETs at the stage of PT; IL1α, XIAP, STX2 and SHKBP1 classify LNM patients, whereas IGF1, IL1α, IGFBP2, MAML3 and SHKBP1 properly classify LM patients. Here, XIAP is linked to Wilson disease.