The 17 kD active subunit of caspase-3 was significantly upregulated by ischemia only (18.9 ± 2.6, P < 0.01) and IR (16.2 ± 2.7, P < 0.05) compared to the normal group (7.4 ± 0.5, Figure 7(c)), and further increased by CsA (28.2 ± 4.3, P < 0.05) but decreased by HBSP in both IR and IR + CsA groups (4.9 ± 1.0, P < 0.01; 12.4 ± 2.3, P < 0.05, Figure 7(c)). The gene discussed is CASP3; the disease is ischemia.