TNFRSF1A and TNF receptor 1-associated periodic fever syndrome: TRAPS (OMIM 142680) is an autosomal dominant disease caused by prevalently missense mutations in the TNFRSF1A gene, made up of 10 exons encoding for the p55 1A receptor of TNF (TNFR1A): the vast majority of mutations are found on exons 2, 3, 4, and 6 [16, 55, 56], and they can be distinguished as high- or low-penetrance ones.