HGF and lung carcinoma: Indeed, the class I PI3K-mTOR inhibitor PI-103 was able to induce apoptosis in EGFR-mutant lung cancer cells that initially showed hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)-induced resistance to EGFR-TKIs and in combination with the EGFR inhibitor gefitinib, halt the tumor growth in murine xenograft models [62].