They could show that the neural immunoreactivity for the receptor of fractalkine, i.e., CX3CR1, was significantly higher in perineural invasive lesions of PCa, and it was the CX3CR1-transfected, in vivo implanted PCa cells that exhibited a remarkable infiltration of peripheral nerves (Figure 3). Here, CX3CL1 is linked to posterior cortical atrophy.