An elevated circulating level of vWF is a marker of endothelial cell damage [48] and, together with other cardiovascular risk factors such as tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1), predicts the risk of future cardiovascular events in patients with vascular disorders such as angina [48, 51]. This evidence concerns the gene SERPINE1 and angina pectoris.