Whilst performance of echocardiography and discharge prescription of ACE inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers are well-accepted inpatient quality measures of healthcare, discharge prescription of beta blockers was not included in the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) heart failure performance indicators (see http://www.jointcommission.org/specifications_manual_for_national_hospital_inpatient_quality_measures.aspx). This evidence concerns the gene ACE and heart failure.