On the basis of morphological and immunohistochemical features, the 2003 World Health Organization (WHO) Classification of Tumors of the Breast defined neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) of the breast as a rare subtype of invasive mammary carcinoma showing: (1) presence of morphologic features similar to those of NE tumours of the gastrointestinal tract and lung, and (2) expression of NE markers (chromogranin A and/or synaptophysin) in more than 50 % of tumour cells [3, 4]. The gene discussed is CHGA; the disease is neuroendocrine carcinoma.