Beside the dopaminergic cell death, rat and non-human primate models exhibit other hallmarks of PD such as the prevalence of α-synuclein-positive inclusions in the SN or the presence of a phosphorylated form of α-synuclein at serine 129 (P-S129), which is largely abundant in the LBs of PD patients [30,31]. This evidence concerns the gene SNCA and Parkinson disease.