Therefore substances capable of selectively modulating the polarization of macrophages towards the anti-inflammatory M2-phenotype and concomitantly reducing the pro-inflammatory M1-phenotype and its related secretagogues like TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, MIP-1α, MCP-1 and abates excessive hepatic triglycerides and hepatic cholesterol may suppress and/or retard the progression of NAFLD to more severe conditions like hepatic cirrhosis. This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.