In conditions of cell stress, in TDP-43 transgenic mouse models or in human ALS post-mortem tissue, wild-type TDP-43 or mutants thereof tend to re-localize from a predominant nuclear localization to the cytoplasm and aggregate in stress granules and/or ubiquitin-positive cytoplasmic inclusions [8,11,27-30]. The gene discussed is TARDBP; the disease is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.