Deposition of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides and hyperphosphorylated tau (hp-tau) as neurofibrillary tangles (NFT), dystrophic neurites (DN) and neuropil threads (NT) are invariably found in the brains of patients with both sporadic and familial forms of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This evidence concerns the gene MAPT and early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.