APOE and epilepsy: Assessment of epilepsy-related neuronal cell death pathways (measured by western blot analysis of caspase 3 levels in all samples) showed that caspase 3 levels were lower in APOE ε3,3 patients (Group 2) than in Groups 1, 3, or 4, respectively (8.4 ± 4.1 vs 13.2 ± 4.0, 11.7 ± 2.4, 14.4 ± 4.0, p < 0.05) (Figure 6).