Furthermore, a comparison between surgical waste tissues from patients undergoing anterior temporal lobectomy surgery for drug-resistant intractable epilepsy showed that APOE ε3,3 and APOE ε4,4 genotypes dramatically alter the expression of βAPP and of IL-1 such that the APOE ε3 allele is more effective with regard to the maintenance of appropriate neuronal acute phase responses that favor neuronal viability than is APOE ε4 [2]. The gene discussed is APOE; the disease is epilepsy.