Though it remains unclear whether changes in BDNF levels may have contributed to the altered expression of NRG1 isoforms observed in diabetic nerve in the current study, elucidating the effect of diabetes on the activity of neurotrophins and neuregulins in dedifferentiating and regenerating SCs may provide fundamental insight into the potential for pharmacologically regulating Erb B2 signaling at specific disease stages to improve nerve function. This evidence concerns the gene NRG1 and diabetes mellitus.